[387], According to the 2021 census, Christianity is the largest religion in Canada, with Roman Catholics having the most adherents. [249] As the division of powers between the federal government and the provinces is defined in the constitution, any changes require a constitutional amendment. The Province of Canada (or the United Province of Canada or the United Canadas) was a British colony in British North America from 1841 to 1867. After a tumultuous first two seasons on the job, Matt Canada will return as the Pittsburgh Steelers' offensive coordinator in 2023, according to the Pittsburgh Post-Gazette. [18] The Act of Union 1840 merged the Canadas into a united Province of Canada and responsible government was established for all provinces of British North America east of Lake Superior by 1855. Virtual Tour Schedule a Tour. [231] Since then, Canada has been an advocate for multilateralism, making efforts to resolve global issues in collaboration with other nations. Given its abundant natural resources, highly skilled labor force, and modern capital stock, Canada enjoyed solid economic growth from 1993 through 2007. [424] The penny, removed from circulation in 2013, featured the maple leaf. [90] On the advice of Prime Minister William Lyon Mackenzie King, war with Germany was declared effective September 10, 1939, by King George VI, seven days after the United Kingdom. The territories being creatures of the federal government, changes to their role and division of powers may be performed unilaterally by the Parliament of Canada. [54] Mainland Nova Scotia came under British rule with the 1713 Treaty of Utrecht, and Canada and most of New France came under British rule in 1763 after the Seven Years' War. [201] The Constitution Act, 1867 (known as the British North America Act, 1867 prior to 1982), affirmed governance based on parliamentary precedent and divided powers between the federal and provincial governments. Quebec. Learn about Canadas response to the Russian invasion of Ukraine. thng tin) cn gi l Gia N i) l quc gia c din tch ln th hai trn th gii, v nm cc bc ca Bc M. Canada is a country in North America. [325] Canada has performed close to, or above the average on the majority of OECD health indicators since the early 2000s, ranking above the average on OECD indicators for wait-times and access to care, with average scores for quality of care and use of resources. [254] It is one of the least corrupt countries in the world[255] and is one of the world's largest trading nations, with a highly globalized economy. [154] Canada's largest national wildlife region is the Scott Islands Marine National Wildlife Area, which spans 11,570.65 square kilometres (4,467.45sqmi)[155] and protects critical breeding and nesting habitat for over 40 percent of British Columbia's seabirds. [140], Canada is divided into fifteen terrestrial and five marine ecozones. Canada is a country in North America.Its ten provinces and three territories extend from the Atlantic Ocean to the Pacific Ocean and northward into the Arctic Ocean, covering over 9.98 million square kilometres (3.85 million square miles), making it the world's second-largest country by total area.Its southern and western border with the United States, stretching 8,891 Apply to travel, study, work or immigrate to Canada, apply for citizenship, a permanent resident card or refugee protection, check the status of your application or find a form. Canada is also bounded by the Arctic Ocean to the north, by the Atlantic Ocean to the east and the Pacific Ocean to the west. Last updated on October 19th, 2022. [473] There are numerous other sport "halls of fame" in Canada, such as the Hockey Hall of Fame. [266] In the 1970s, concerns over energy self-sufficiency and foreign ownership in the manufacturing sectors prompted Prime Minister Pierre Trudeau's Liberal government to enact the National Energy Program (NEP) and the Foreign Investment Review Agency (FIRA). WebCanada is a country to the north of the United States. [131] Boreal forests prevail throughout the country, ice is prominent in northern Arctic regions and through the Rocky Mountains, and the relatively flat Canadian Prairies in the southwest facilitate productive agriculture. Despite Canadas great size, it is one of the worlds most sparsely populated countries. [86] The Conscription Crisis of 1917 erupted when the Unionist Cabinet's proposal to augment the military's dwindling number of active members with conscription was met with vehement objections from French-speaking Quebecers. [463], Patriotic music in Canada dates back over 200 years as a distinct category from British patriotism, preceding Canadian Confederation by over 50 years. WebCanada is a vast and rugged land. [452] Since the 1950s, works of Inuit art have been given as gifts to foreign dignitaries by the Canadian government. [244], Canada is a federation composed of ten federated states called provinces and three federal territories. English and French have equal status in federal courts, Parliament, and in all federal institutions. Using its spending powers, the federal government can initiate national policies in provincial areas such as health and child care; the provinces can opt out of these cost-share programs but rarely do so in practice. [61] To accommodate the influx of English-speaking Loyalists in Central Canada, the Constitutional Act of 1791 divided the province of Canada into French-speaking Lower Canada (later Quebec) and English-speaking Upper Canada (later Ontario), granting each its own elected legislative assembly. All judges at the superior and appellate levels are appointed after consultation with non-governmental legal bodies. [362], A multitude of languages are used by Canadians, with English and French (the official languages) being the mother tongues of approximately 54percent and 19percent of Canadians, respectively. With an area of 9,984,670 square km, it is the worlds second-largest country by total area, falling behind Russia, and just beating out China and the United States. Sell your goods or services to the government [482] The country is scheduled to co-host the 2026 FIFA World Cup alongside Mexico and the United States.[483]. 49,871. thng tin) cn gi l Gia N i) l quc gia c din tch ln th hai trn th gii, v nm cc bc ca Bc M. [388] Other faiths include Islam (4.9percent), Hinduism (2.3percent), Sikhism (2.1percent), Buddhism (1.0percent), Judaism (0.9percent), and Indigenous spirituality (0.2percent). [418] Canada's official tartan, known as the "maple leaf tartan", has four colours that reflect the colours of the maple leaf as it changes through the seasonsgreen in the spring, gold in the early autumn, red at the first frost, and brown after falling. [310][311] It is guided by the provisions of the Canada Health Act of 1984[312] and is universal. This began an accretion of provinces and territories and a process of increasing autonomy from the United Kingdom. [58] It re-established the French language, Catholic faith, and French civil law there, staving off the growth of an independence movement in contrast to the Thirteen Colonies. [422][423] Canadian coins feature many of these symbols: the loon on the $1 coin, the Arms of Canada on the 50 piece, and the beaver on the nickel. [315] Approximately 65 to 75percent of Canadians have some form of supplementary health insurance related to the aforementioned reasons; many receive it through their employers or access secondary social service programs related to extended coverage for families receiving social assistance or vulnerable demographics, such as seniors, minors, and those with disabilities. Despite Canadas great size, it is one of the worlds most sparsely populated countries. WebApply to travel, study, work or immigrate to Canada, apply for citizenship, a permanent resident card or refugee protection, check the status of your application or find a form. Moving between provinces. They were joined briefly by Frank Johnston and by commercial artist Franklin Carmichael. [219][220] The strategy of the Canadian government's foreign aid policy reflects an emphasis to meet the Millennium Development Goals, while also providing assistance in response to foreign humanitarian crises. [121] Administered by the Canadian Catholic Church and funded by the Canadian government from 1828 to 1997, these boarding schools attempted to assimilate Indigenous children into Euro-Canadian culture. [260], In 2021, Canadian trade in goods and services reached $2.016trillion. It is to the north of the United States. Together, the provinces collect more revenue than the federal government, a rarity among other federations in the world. [443], Non-news media content in Canada, including film and television, is influenced both by local creators as well as by imports from the United States, the United Kingdom, Australia, and France. [354], Of the 36.3 million people enumerated in 2021, approximately 25.4 million reported being "White", representing 69.8percent of the population. [11] In 1791, the area became two British colonies called Upper Canada and Lower Canada. [42] French explorer Samuel de Champlain arrived in 1603 and established the first permanent year-round European settlements at Port Royal (in 1605) and Quebec City (in 1608). [106] The radical Front de libration du Qubec (FLQ) ignited the October Crisis with a series of bombings and kidnappings in 1970[107] and the sovereignist Parti Qubcois was elected in 1976, organizing an unsuccessful referendum on sovereignty-association in 1980. Citizens have the right, where there is sufficient demand, to receive federal government services in either English or French and official-language minorities are guaranteed their own schools in all provinces and territories. A house was sold without the owners' consent. [370] There are 11 Indigenous language groups, composed of more than 65 distinct languages and dialects. [349][350] Statistics Canada reports that 35.5percent of the population reported multiple ethnic origins, thus the overall total is greater than 100percent. [319] A 2016 report by the chief public health officer found that 88percent of Canadians, one of the highest proportions of the population among G7 countries, indicated that they "had good or very good health". [30] The decline is attributed to several causes, including the transfer of European diseases, such as influenza, measles, and smallpox to which they had no natural immunity,[27][31] conflicts over the fur trade, conflicts with the colonial authorities and settlers, and the loss of Indigenous lands to settlers and the subsequent collapse of several nations' self-sufficiency. [316][315], In common with many other developed countries, Canada is experiencing an increase in healthcare expenditures due to a demographic shift toward an older population, with more retirees and fewer people of working age. English and French are its [428] In recent decades, Canada's literature has been strongly influenced by immigrants from around the world. [328] Identified weaknesses were comparatively higher infant mortality rate, the prevalence of chronic conditions, long wait times, poor availability of after-hours care, and a lack of prescription drugs and dental coverage. Sell your goods or services to the government [287][291], The Canadian Space Agency operates a highly active space program, conducting deep-space, planetary, and aviation research, and developing rockets and satellites. [441] The largest of these corporations is the country's national public broadcaster, the Canadian Broadcasting Corporation, which also plays a significant role in producing domestic cultural content, operating its own radio and TV networks in both English and French. [209] In most rural and some urban areas, policing responsibilities are contracted to the federal Royal Canadian Mounted Police. [92], The Canadian economy boomed during the war as its industries manufactured military materiel for Canada, Britain, China, and the Soviet Union. [360] The 2021 census indicated that 8.3million people, or almost one-quarter (23.0percent) of the population, reported themselves as being or having been a landed immigrant or permanent resident in Canadaabove the 1921 census previous record of 22.3percent. A highly developed country, Canada has the 24th highest nominal per capita income globally and the fifteenth-highest ranking on the Human Development Index. Christians, representing 53.3percent of the population in 2021, are followed by people reporting irreligion or having no religion at 34.6percent. [125] Canada has over 2,000,000 lakes563 of which are larger than 100km2 (39sqmi)containing much of the world's fresh water. This fact, coupled with the grandeur of the landscape, has been central to the sense of Canadian national identity, as expressed by the A fuel pump is seen in a car at a gas station in Toronto April 22, 2014. [341] The country invests heavily in tertiary education (more than US$20,000 per student). Deaths. Canada holds the third largest oil reserves after Saudi Arabia and Venezuela, and is the only non-OPEC member in the top five. In my time at Caada College, I had the amazing opportunity to grow as a leader. [465] The official national anthem, "O Canada", was originally commissioned by the lieutenant governor of Quebec, Thodore Robitaille, for the 1880 St. Jean-Baptiste Day ceremony and was officially adopted in 1980. To register, contact media@hrsdc-rhdcc.gc.ca with your name and media outlet before 10:00 a.m. EST on Thursday, January 19, 2023.Please indicate if attendance will be in-person or virtual. [139] The rate of warming has been higher across the North and in the Prairies. [180], Canada has a parliamentary system within the context of a constitutional monarchythe monarchy of Canada being the foundation of the executive, legislative, and judicial branches. 49,871. [270], Canada is one of the few developed nations that are net exporters of energy. [333][334] Education in Canada is generally divided into primary education, followed by secondary education and post-secondary. [72] British Columbia and Vancouver Island (which had been united in 1866) joined the confederation in 1871 on the promise of a transcontinental railway extending to Victoria in the province within 10 years,[73] while Prince Edward Island joined in 1873. WebCanada - CBC News. 4,524,782. [193][194] The Constitution Act, 1982 requires that no more than five years pass between elections, although the Canada Elections Act limits this to four years with a fixed election date in October. More details on the reporting schedule. [175][176] Far-right and far-left politics have never been a prominent force in Canadian society. [136] In non-coastal regions, snow can cover the ground for almost six months of the year, while in parts of the north snow can persist year-round. [442] In addition to the CBC, some provincial governments offer their own public educational TV broadcast services as well, such as TVOntario and Tl-Qubec. [202] The Statute of Westminster, 1931 granted full autonomy, and the Constitution Act, 1982 ended all legislative ties to Britain, as well as adding a constitutional amending formula and the Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms. January 16, 2023, 3:32 p.m. EST. [304] Canada also accepts large numbers of refugees, accounting for over 10 percent of annual global refugee resettlements; it resettled more than 28,000 in 2018. [371] Several Indigenous languages have official status in the Northwest Territories. [204], Canada's judiciary plays an important role in interpreting laws and has the power to strike down Acts of Parliament that violate the constitution. Stanley Park. [192], Each of the 338 members of Parliament in the House of Commons is elected by simple plurality in an electoral district or riding. [265] The Automotive Products Trade Agreement of 1965 opened Canada's borders to trade in the automobile manufacturing industry. [74] Between 1871 and 1896, almost one quarter of the Canadian population emigrated south to the U.S.[75], To open the West and encourage European immigration, Parliament approved sponsoring the construction of three transcontinental railways (including the Canadian Pacific Railway), opening the prairies to settlement with the Dominion Lands Act, and establishing the North-West Mounted Police to assert its authority over this territory. [89] In response to the downturn, the Co-operative Commonwealth Federation (CCF) in Saskatchewan introduced many elements of a welfare state (as pioneered by Tommy Douglas) in the 1940s and 1950s. [62], The Canadas were the main front in the War of 1812 between the United States and the United Kingdom. WebInternet TLD. Total cases. Winters can be harsh in many parts of the country, particularly in the interior and Prairie provinces, which experience a continental climate, where daily average temperatures are near 15C (5F), but can drop below 40C (40F) with severe wind chills. TORONTO - Canadas mens basketball team will play exhibition games against Spain and Argentina this summer in preparation for the 2023 FIBA World Cup. [52][53] A series of four wars erupted in colonial North America between 1689 and 1763; the later wars of the period constituted the North American theatre of the Seven Years' War. In 1867, with the union of three British North American colonies through Confederation, Canada was formed as a federal dominion of four provinces. [295] Canada has also produced one of the world's most successful and widely used sounding rockets, the Black Brant; over 1,000 Black Brants have been launched since the rocket's introduction in 1961. Canada's long and complex relationship with the United States has had a significant impact on its economy and culture. [422] Material items such as Canadian beer, maple syrup, tuques, canoes, nanaimo bars, butter tarts and the Quebec dish of poutine are defined as uniquely Canadian. [235] As this was the first UN peacekeeping mission, Pearson is often credited as the inventor of the concept. It is the worlds second-largest country by total area, although as a whole the country is sparsely populated. WebImmigrate to work and live in Canada . [19], Indigenous peoples in present-day Canada include the First Nations, Inuit, and Mtis,[20] the last being of mixed descent who originated in the mid-17th century when First Nations people married European settlers and subsequently developed their own identity. A booster dose can help strengthen our protection against severe forms of COVID-19 Report a problem or mistake on this page. [445] Canadian tax laws limit foreign competition in magazine advertising. This spring, Hudson's Bay Company is set to open Zellers stores inside 25 The Bay locations across Canada. [212] Most notably, a series of eleven treaties known as the Numbered Treaties were signed between the Indigenous peoples and the reigning monarch of Canada between 1871 and 1921. [305][306], Canada's population density, at 4.2 inhabitants per square kilometre (11/sqmi), is among the lowest in the world. [337] The largest university is the University of Toronto with over 85,000 students. [436][437] The Broadcasting Act declares "the system should serve to safeguard, enrich and strengthen the cultural, political, social and economic fabric of Canada". [221], Canada was a founding member of the United Nations and has membership in the World Trade Organization, the G20 and the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD). Call us in Washington, D.C. at 1-888-407-4747 (toll-free in the United States and Canada) or 1-202-501-4444 (from all other countries) from 8:00 a.m. to 8:00 p.m., Eastern Standard Time, Monday through Friday (except U.S. federal holidays). [88], The Great Depression in Canada during the early 1930s saw an economic downturn, leading to hardship across the country. WebCOVID-19 in Canada. [130], Canada can be divided into seven physiographic regions: the Canadian Shield, the interior plains, the Great Lakes-St. Lawrence Lowlands, the Appalachian region, the Western Cordillera, Hudson Bay Lowlands and the Arctic Archipelago. [447] Historically, the Catholic Church was the primary patron of art in New France and early Canada, especially Quebec,[448] and in later times, artists have combined British, French, Indigenous and American artistic traditions, at times embracing European styles while working to promote nationalism. It is the second largest country in the world, but it has only one-half of one percent of the world's population. Some of the most common non-official first languages include Mandarin (679,255 first-language speakers), Punjabi (666,585), Cantonese (553,380), Spanish (538,870), Arabic (508,410), Tagalog (461,150), Italian (319,505), and German (272,865). [365], The 1977 Charter of the French Language established French as the official language of Quebec. [92], Canada's strong attachment to the British Empire and Commonwealth led to major participation in British military efforts in the Second Boer War (18991902), World War I (19141918) and World War II (19391945). Inuit art have been given as gifts to foreign dignitaries canada citizenship ceremony invitation letter the Canadian government Canadian in... Un peacekeeping mission, Pearson is often credited as the inventor of the world federal institutions globally the... In Canada, such as the Hockey Hall of fame this page and... 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