Brazil is the worlds twelfth-largest economy, and the United States is Brazils second-largest trading partner. [292][293] Micro and small businesses represent 30% of the country's GDP. Brazil is the eighth-largest economy in the world, but is recovering from a recession in 2015 and 2016 that ranks as the worst in the countrys history. The Brazilian landscape is very varied. [16] The highest court is the Supreme Federal Court. Before the discovery of Brazil by the Portuguese, South American Indians had been living in the region for thousands of years. Leite, Jos Roberto Teixeira & Lemos, Carlos A.C. Sevcenko, Nicolau. The pottery was found near Santarm and provides evidence that the tropical forest region supported a complex prehistoric culture. 3. [102] Not until 1894, following an economic crisis and a military one, did civilians take power, remaining there until October 1930. Home to 60% of the Amazon Rainforest, which accounts for approximately one-tenth of all [494], Among the best-known Brazilian painters are Ricardo do Pilar and Manuel da Costa Atade (baroque and rococo), Victor Meirelles, Pedro Amrico and Almeida Jnior (romanticism and realism), Anita Malfatti, Ismael Nery, Lasar Segall, Emiliano di Cavalcanti, Vicente do Rego Monteiro, and Tarsila do Amaral (expressionism, surrealism and cubism), Aldo Bonadei, Jos Pancetti and Cndido Portinari (modernism). [14] Its size, relief, climate, and natural resources make Brazil geographically diverse. The language must be taught as a part of the education and speech and language pathology curricula. Brazil is also the longest country in the world, spanning 4,395km (2,731mi) from north to south,[14] and the only country in the world that has the equator and the Tropic of Capricorn running through it. [11][12] It is one of the most multicultural and ethnically diverse nations, due to over a century of mass immigration from around the world,[13] and the most populous Roman Catholic-majority country. [152] Sarney's unsuccessful government led to the election in 1989 of the almost-unknown Fernando Collor, subsequently impeached by the National Congress in 1992. Regrettably, its also one of the most endangered biomes in the world, with just 12.5% of it remaining in disparate fragments along Brazils southeast-facing coastline. [183] A similarly devastating drought occurred in 1915. In 1809, in retaliation for being forced into exile, the Prince Regent ordered the Portuguese conquest of French Guiana. [71], Portuguese expeditions known as Bandeiras gradually expanded Brazil's original colonial frontiers in South America to its approximately current borders. WebBrazil Tourism: Tripadvisor has 16,953,637 reviews of Brazil Hotels, Attractions, and Restaurants making it your best Brazil resource. | ICA", "Brasil extrai cerca de 2 gramas de ouro por habitante em 5 anos", "Nibio: G1 visita em MG complexo industrial do maior produtor do mundo", "Rio Grande do Sul: o maior exportador de pedras preciosas do Brasil", "Fazcomex Tecnologia para Comrcio Exterior Solues para Comex", "Agronegcio tem oito entre os dez produtos lderes das exportaes brasileiras em 2019", "List of importing markets for the product exported by Brazil in 2021", "List of supplying markets for the product imported by Brazil in 2021", "Official History of Automobile Industry in Brazil", "Alimentos Processados | A indstria de alimentos e bebidas na sociedade brasileira atual", "Produo nacional de celulose cai 6,6% em 2019, aponta Ib", "Indstrias caladistas em Franca, SP registram queda de 40% nas vagas de trabalho em 6 anos", "Minas Gerais produz 32,3% do ao nacional em 2019", "O novo mapa das montadoras, que agora rumam para o interior do Pas", "Indstria automobilstica do Sul do Rio impulsiona superavit na economia", "Produo nacional da indstria de qumicos cai 5,7% em 2019, diz Abiquim", "Setor de servios sustenta o crescimento do PIB de 2018", "Pequenos negcios j representam 30% do Produto Interno Bruto do pas", "UNWTO Tourism Highlights 2011 Edition", "Estatisticas e Indicadores: Receita Cambial", "Turismo Brasileiro com novo recorde em 2011", "The Travel & Tourism Competitiveness Report 2015", "Travel & Tourism Competitiveness Report 2013", NASA Signs International Space Station Agreement With Brazil, "Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universitt", "Brasil cai duas posies em ranking mundial", "Portable stereo's creator got his due, eventually", "Centro Brasileiro de Pesquisas Fsicas Coleo Galileo: Textos de Fsica", "Atta-Ur-Rahman, Jos Leite Lopes and Juan Martn Maldacena receive UNESCO science prizes", Brasileiro ganha a Medalha Fields, considerada o "Nobel da Matemtica", Hannah Ritchie, Max Roser: Solar Power Generation, https://antigo.aneel.gov.br/web/guest/sala-de-imprensa-exibicao-2/-/asset_publisher/zXQREz8EVlZ6/content/brasil-termina-2021-com-maior-acrescimo-em-potencia-instalada-desde-2016/656877?inheritRedirect=false&redirect=https%3A%2F%2Fantigo.aneel.gov.br%2Fweb%2Fguest%2Fsala-de-imprensa-exibicao-2%3Fp_p_id%3D101_INSTANCE_zXQREz8EVlZ6%26p_p_lifecycle%3D0%26p_p_state%3Dnormal%26p_p_mode%3Dview%26p_p_col_id%3Dcolumn-2%26p_p_col_pos%3D2%26p_p_col_count%3D3%26_101_INSTANCE_zXQREz8EVlZ6_advancedSearch%3Dfalse%26_101_INSTANCE_zXQREz8EVlZ6_keywords%3D%26_101_INSTANCE_zXQREz8EVlZ6_delta%3D15%26p_r_p_564233524_resetCur%3Dfalse%26_101_INSTANCE_zXQREz8EVlZ6_cur%3D5%26_101_INSTANCE_zXQREz8EVlZ6_andOperator%3Dtrue, Brasil anuncia aumento da produo de petrleo em 10% para ajudar a estabilizar preos, "Produo de petrleo e gs no Brasil ultrapassa 4 milhes de boe/d pela primeira vez", Country Comparison to the World: Gini Index Brazil, "Ociosidade atinge 70% dos principais aeroportos", "Mercado Brasileiro Terminais de Contineres", "Navios esperam at 16 dias para atracar em porto do pas, diz MDIC", "Populao residente por situao, sexo e grupos de idade", "Brazil population reaches 190.8 million", "Shaping Brazil: The Role of International Migration", "Crescimento populacional e estrutura demogrfica no Brasil", "Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatstica", "Projeo da Populao do Brasil Brazil's populational projection", "Pessoas de 5 anos ou mais de idade por situao, sexo, alfabetizao e grupos de idade e grupos de idade", "Pessoas de 5 anos ou mais de idade por situao, sexo, alfabetizao e grupos de idade", "Pessoas de 5 anos ou mais de idade por situao, sexo e alfabetizao", "Tendncias Demogrficas: Uma anlise da populao com base nos resultados dos Censos Demogrficos 1940 e 2000", "Demographical census reveals Brazil as older and less white", "Self-declared White Brazilians decrease in number, says IBGE", "Populao residente por cor ou raa, situao e sexo", "Allele frequencies of 15 STRs in a representative sample of the Brazilian population", Brazilian DNA is nearly 80% European, indicates study, O impacto das migraes na constituio gentica de populaes latino-americanas, "The Genomic Ancestry of Individuals from Different Geographical Regions of Brazil Is More Uniform Than Expected", "O papel da migrao internacional na evoluo da populao brasileira (1872 a 1972)", "Color and genomic ancestry in Brazilians", "Genetic signatures of parental contribution in black and white populations in Brazil", "Genetic heritage variability of Brazilians in even regional averages, 2009 study", "In Amazonia, Defending the Hidden Tribes", Berkley Center for Religion, Peace, and World Affairs, "G1 Pas tem menor nvel de adeptos do catolicismo desde 1872, diz estudo notcias em Brasil", "Decreto n 7.107, de 11 de fevereiro de 2010", "Measuring overall health system performance for 191 countries", "IBGE: Analfabetismo cai no pas, mas fica estagnado no Nordeste", Brazilian decree n 5626, 22 December 2005, "Language Born of Colonialism Thrives Again in Amazon", "Approvato il progetto che dichiara il 'Talian' come patrimonio del Rio Grande del Sud Brasile", "Constituio de 1988 da Repblica Federativa do Brasil/Ttulo II Wikisource", "Mais da metade da populao vive em 294 arranjos formados por contiguidade urbana e por deslocamentos para trabalho e estudo", "Arranjos Populacionais e Concentraes Urbanas do Brasil", "Estimativas da populao residente no Brasil e Unidades da Federao com data de referncia em 1 de julho de 2016", "Estimativas da populao residente no Brasil e Unidades da Federao com data de referncia em 1 de julho de 2017", "The Afro-Brazilian experiment: African influence on Brazilian culture", "Ambientes modernos. The statue now holds its place in history as one of the modern Seven Wonders of the World. [27][28] As an upper-middle income economy by the World Bank[29] and a newly industrialized country,[30] Brazil has the largest share of global wealth in South America and it is one of the world's major breadbaskets, being the largest producer of coffee for the last 150 years. [188] The number of fungal species is unknown but is large. Call us in Washington, D.C. at 1-888-407-4747 (toll-free in the United States and Canada) or 1-202-501-4444 (from all other countries) from 8:00 a.m. to 8:00 p.m., Eastern Standard Time, Monday through Friday (except U.S. federal holidays). Located in central-eastern part of South America and covering an area of 8.5 million sq.km (3,287,956 sq mi), Brazil is the world's 5th largest country as well as the largest country in South America and in the Southern Hemisphere. Each of these public educational systems is responsible for its own maintenance, which manages funds as well as the mechanisms and funding sources. [219], The armed forces of Brazil are the largest in Latin America by active personnel and the largest in terms of military equipment. [403], The number of deaths from noncommunicable diseases, such as cardiovascular diseases (151.7 deaths per 100,000 inhabitants) and cancer (72.7 deaths per 100,000 inhabitants), also has a considerable impact on the health of the Brazilian population. [244], Brazil's international relations are based on Article 4 of the Federal Constitution, which establishes non-intervention, self-determination, international cooperation and the peaceful settlement of conflicts as the guiding principles of Brazil's relationship with other countries and multilateral organizations. 10, 12, David R. Mares; "Violent peace: militarized interstate bargaining in Latin America", M.Sharp, I. Westwell & J.Westwood; "History of World War I, Volume 1" Marshall Cavendish Corporation 2002, p. 97, Charles Howard Ellis; "The origin, structure & working of the League of Nations" The LawBook Exchange Ltd 2003 pp. However, efforts to change this are making impacts. It is the economic leader of South America, with the ninth-largest economy in the world, and a large iron and aluminum ore reserve. [395] Greater Rio de Janeiro, not including the city proper, is the most irreligious and least Roman Catholic Brazilian periphery, while Greater Porto Alegre and Greater Fortaleza are on the opposite sides of the lists, respectively. [233] The states' Military Police and the Military Firefighters Corps are described as an ancillary forces of the Army by the constitution, but are under the control of each state's governor. [333][334], Brazilian roads are the primary carriers of freight and passenger traffic. These emerged from the dissatisfaction of the provinces with the central power, coupled with old and latent social tensions peculiar to a vast, slaveholding and newly independent nation state. Brazil is the largest country in South America and the fifth largest country in the world. An authoritarian military junta came to power in 1964 and ruled until 1985, after which civilian governance resumed. O Povo Brasileiro, Companhia de Bolso, fourth reprint, 2008 (2008). [413] In the municipality of So Gabriel da Cachoeira, Nheengatu (a currently endangered South American creole language or an 'anti-creole', according to some linguists with mostly Indigenous Brazilian languages lexicon and Portuguese-based grammar that, together with its southern relative lngua geral paulista, once was a major lingua franca in Brazil,[417] being replaced by Portuguese only after governmental prohibition led by major political changes)[excessive detail? [199], By 2013, however, Brazil's "dramatic policy-driven reduction in Amazon Basin deforestation" was a "global exception in terms of forest change", according to scientific journal Science. Two-way trade in goods and services was $98.4 billion ($78 billion in goods and $20.4 billion in services) in 2021, a significant recovery compared to $77.3 billion registered during the pandemic in 2020. This was the name the indigenous population gave to the region, meaning "land of the palm trees. Ribeira Valley and the Atlantic Forest. [37] The popular appellation eclipsed and eventually supplanted the official Portuguese name. All police forces are the responsibility of the executive branch of any of the federal or state powers. [291], The tertiary sector (trade and services) represented 75.8% of the country's GDP in 2018, according to the IBGE. Cumulatively, Brazil has the highest percentage of deforested or highly degraded rainforest of any Amazonia nation. [343] Currently, the Brazilian government, unlike the past, seeks to encourage this mode of transport; an example of this incentive is the project of the RioSo Paulo high-speed rail, that will connect the two main cities of the country to carry passengers. [235] As of 2022[update], it is the only navy in Latin America that operates an aircraft carrier, NAM Atlntico, and one of twelve navies in the world to operate or have one under construction. 6974, Needell, Jeffrey D. "A Tropical Belle Epoque: Elite Culture and Society in Turn-of-the-Century Rio de Janeiro" Cambridge University Press 2010, pp. Published On 12 Jan 2023 12 Jan 2023. [225] It is also unique in Latin America for its large, elite forces specializing in unconventional missions, the Brazilian Special Operations Command,[226][227][228] and the versatile Strategic Rapid Action Force, made up of highly mobilized and prepared Special Operations Brigade, Infantry Brigade Parachutist,[229][230] 1st Jungle Infantry Battalion (Airmobile)[231] and 12th Brigade Light Infantry (Airmobile)[232] able to act anywhere in the country, on short notice, to counter external aggression. It forms an enormous triangle on the eastern side of the continent with a 4,500-mile (7,400-kilometer) coastline along the Atlantic Ocean. Brazil defends life from its conception and strengthens family ties. The federation is set on five fundamental principles: sovereignty, citizenship, dignity of human beings, the social values of labor and freedom of enterprise, and political pluralism. [419][420] Talian is officially a historic patrimony of Rio Grande do Sul,[421] and two German dialects possess co-official status in a few municipalities. [251], The country still has above-average levels of violent crime and particularly high levels of gun violence and homicide. [16] Due to its rich culture and history, the country ranks thirteenth in the world by number of UNESCO World Heritage Sites.[17]. [255], Brazil also has high levels of incarceration and the third largest prison population in the world (behind only China and the United States), with an estimated total of approximately 700,000 prisoners around the country (June 2014), an increase of about 300% compared to the index registered in 1992. [380][384], People of considerable Amerindian ancestry form the majority of the population in the Northern, Northeastern and Center-Western regions. In the World", "Especial NOTCIAS Uma nova agenda militar", "People's Daily Online Bolivia bans Argentina from reselling gas to Chile", "Especial NOTCIAS Os ps de barro de um gigante", "Brazil Is Leading a Largely South American Mission to Haiti", Article 4 of the Federal Constitution of Brazil, Article 84 of the Federal Constitution of Brazil, Brazil's development cooperation with the South: a global model in waiting, "Ordem pblica prioridade da Fora Nacional de Segurana", "Brasil tem maior nmero absoluto de homicdios do mundo", "A Year of Violence Sees Brazil's Murder Rate Hit Record High", "Os estados com mais homicdios no Brasil", "Brasil passa a Rssia e tem a terceira maior populao carcerria do mundo", "Brasil tem hoje deficit de 200 mil vagas no sistema prisional", "Brasil ser maior exportador agrcola mundial em 2024", "Embraer v clientes mais dispostos compra de avies", "Unemployment, total (% of total labor force) (modeled ILO estimate) Brazil", "Poverty headcount ratio at $2.15 a day (2017 PPP) (% of population) Brazil", "Poverty headcount ratio at $6.85 a day (2017 PPP) (% of population) Brazil", "Brazil: Overview of corruption and anti-corruption", "How are agricultural co-operatives making a difference in Brazil? For example, criminal and civil laws can be voted by only the federal bicameral Congress and are uniform throughout the country.[16]. It also set as indicative target of reaching carbon neutrality by 2060 if the country gets 10 billion dollars per year. RIBEIRO, Darcy. [83] The Brazilians refused to yield, and Prince Pedro decided to stand with them, declaring the country's independence from Portugal on 7 September 1822. Brazil (Portuguese: Brasil; Brazilian Portuguese:[baziw] (listen)),[nt 1] officially the Federative Republic of Brazil (Portuguese: Repblica Federativa do Brasil),[9] is the largest country in South America and in Latin America. The ratification of the first constitution in 1824 led to the formation of a bicameral legislature, now called the National Congress. Acar. [396][397], The Brazilian public health system, the Unified Health System (Sistema nico de Sade SUS), is managed and provided by all levels of government,[398] being the largest system of this type in the world. [434] The indigenous Amerindians influenced Brazil's language and cuisine; and the Africans influenced language, cuisine, music, dance and religion. Most of them are public. [86] The last Portuguese soldiers surrendered on 8 March 1824;[87] Portugal officially recognized Brazilian independence on 29 August 1825. Peanuts are used to make paoca, rapadura and p-de-moleque. Corcovado - Christ the Redeemer. [76], In late 1807, Spanish and Napoleonic forces threatened the security of continental Portugal, causing Prince Regent Joo, in the name of Queen Maria I, to move the royal court from Lisbon to Rio de Janeiro. The cities of Boa Vista, Salvador, and Porto Velho have the greatest proportion of Irreligious residents in Brazil. [495], The most popular sport in Brazil is football. These differences are comparable to those between American and British English. The culture was, however, also strongly influenced by African, indigenous and non-Portuguese European cultures and traditions. Attending an institution of higher education is required by Law of Guidelines and Bases of Education. [177] The south enjoys subtropical conditions, with cool winters and average annual temperatures not exceeding 18C (64.4F);[179] winter frosts and snowfall are not rare in the highest areas. Fifteen political parties are represented in Congress. Brazil's foreign policy is a by-product of the country's position as a regional power in Latin America, a leader among developing countries, and an emerging world power. Some sport variations have their origins in Brazil: beach football,[502] futsal (indoor football)[503] and footvolley emerged in Brazil as variations of football. [16], The classic tripartite branches of government (executive, legislative and judicial under a checks and balances system) are formally established by the Constitution. [16], Brazil's navy once operated some of the most powerful warships in the world with the two Minas Geraes-class dreadnoughts, sparking a naval arms race between Argentina, Brazil, and Chile. [359], Race and ethnicity in Brazil[360][361][362], According to the National Research by Household Sample (PNAD) of 2008, 48.43% of the population (about 92 million) described themselves as White; 43.80% (about 83 million) as Pardo (brown), 6.84% (about 13 million) as Black; 0.58% (about 1.1million) as East Asian (officially called yellow or amarela); and 0.28% (about 536 thousand) as Amerindian (officially called indgena, Indigenous), while 0.07% (about 130 thousand) did not declare their race. and Long. Before the discovery of Brazil by the Portuguese, South American Indians had been living in the region for thousands of years. [74], The Portuguese colonial administration in Brazil had two objectives that would ensure colonial order and the monopoly of Portugal's wealthiest and largest colony: to keep under control and eradicate all forms of slave rebellion and resistance, such as the Quilombo of Palmares,[75] and to repress all movements for autonomy or independence, such as the Minas Conspiracy. Brazil faces [309], Brazil is one of the three countries in Latin America[310] with an operational Synchrotron Laboratory, a research facility on physics, chemistry, material science and life sciences, and Brazil is the only Latin American country to have a semiconductor company with its own fabrication plant, the CEITEC. [14], It spans four time zones; from UTC5 comprising the state of Acre and the westernmost portion of Amazonas, to UTC4 in the western states, to UTC3 in the eastern states (the national time) and UTC2 in the Atlantic islands. Alencar, in his long career, also treated indigenous people as heroes in the Indigenist novels O Guaran, Iracema and Ubirajara. [399] On the other hand, private healthcare systems play a complementary role. [123][124], In the 1930s, three failed attempts to remove Vargas and his supporters from power occurred. Fried potatoes, fried cassava, fried banana, fried meat and fried cheese are very often eaten in lunch and served in most typical restaurants. The country has about 212 million people. 3947, transferred from Lisbon to Rio de Janeiro, United Kingdom of Portugal, Brazil and the Algarves, Community of Portuguese Language Countries, expanded Brazil's original colonial frontiers, Transfer of the Portuguese court to Brazil, declaring the country's independence from Portugal, its participation in the battle of the Atlantic, independently in all three spheres of government, naval arms race between Argentina, Brazil, and Chile, largest producers of various agricultural commodities, Brazilian Agricultural Research Corporation, So PauloGuarulhos International Airport, List of Brazilian states by population density, Constitution of the Federal Republic of Brazil, Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics, Academy Award for Best Foreign Language Film, Rio de Janeiro International Film Festivals, Concentration of media ownership Brazil, IBGE Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatstica (Brazilian Institute for Geography and Statistics). 3. [464] Brazil also holds its own literary academy, the Brazilian Academy of Letters, a non-profit cultural organization pointed in perpetuating the care of the national language and literature. At the end of the 19th century orchestrated dramaturgias became very popular and were accompanied with songs of famous artists like the conductress Chiquinha Gonzaga. [47] These wars also involved large-scale military actions on land and water, with cannibalistic rituals on prisoners of war. [331] University of California Press. Key Facts. [165] President Temer himself was also accused of corruption. From the 1960s it was attended by a theater dedicated to social and religious issues and to the flourishing of schools of dramatic art. Human settlement in Brazil is thought to have begun at least 32,000 years ago. Scientists estimate that the total number of plant and animal species in Brazil could approach four million, mostly invertebrates. [16] The National Public Security Force also can act in public disorder situations arising anywhere in the country. During the 1960s, the Cinema Novo movement rose to prominence with directors such as Glauber Rocha, Nelson Pereira dos Santos, Paulo Cesar Saraceni and Arnaldo Jabor. [483] Since then television has grown in the country, creating large commercial broadcast networks such as Globo, SBT, RecordTV, Bandeirantes and RedeTV. [197] The Amazon rainforest has been under direct threat of deforestation since the 1970s because of rapid economic and demographic expansion. With its unique cuisine, rich culture, some of the most beautiful beaches in the world, breathtaking waterfalls, and adventure for everyones liking, all you have to do is choose the perfect type of tourism for you and be amazed by the wonders of Brazil. [177] Temperatures average 25C (77F),[179] with more significant temperature variation between night and day than between seasons. [178], Over central Brazil rainfall is more seasonal, characteristic of a savanna climate. Brazil is the fifth largest country in the world in terms of population (208.8 million in 2018) and well as land area. Read the entire Travel Advisory. [354] Schools and health services must provide access ("inclusion") to deaf people. The Portuguese built architecture familiar to them in Europe in their aim to colonize Brazil. [284] It was also the ninth-largest producer of steel in the world. [93], Civilians returned to power in 1985 when Jos Sarney assumed the presidency. "Booming Brazil could be world power soon", "CIA The World Factbook Country Comparisons GDP (purchasing power parity)", "World Economic Outlook Database, April 2019", "Discoveries Challenge Beliefs on Humans' Arrival in the Americas", http://gobrazil.about.com/od/ecotourismadventure/ss/Peter-Lund-Museum.htm, https://www.science.org/doi/abs/10.1126/science.254.5038.1621, "More enslaved Africans came to the Americas through this port than anywhere else. [91] In the absence of a charismatic figure who could represent a moderate face of power, during this period a series of localized rebellions took place, such as the Cabanagem in Gro-Par Province, the Mal Revolt in Salvador da Bahia, the Balaiada (Maranho), the Sabinada (Bahia), and the Ragamuffin War, which began in Rio Grande do Sul and was supported by Giuseppe Garibaldi. The colonial architecture of Brazil dates to the early 16th century when Brazil was first explored, conquered and settled by the Portuguese. The Brazilian press was officially born in Rio de Janeiro on 13 May 1808 with the creation of the Royal Printing National Press by the Prince Regent Dom Joo. [326], Brazil is the world's tenth largest energy consumer with much of its energy coming from renewable sources, particularly hydroelectricity and ethanol; the Itaipu Dam is the world's largest hydroelectric plant by energy generation,[327] and the country has other large plants like Belo Monte and Tucuru. 2. [245] According to the Constitution, the President has ultimate authority over foreign policy, while the Congress is tasked with reviewing and considering all diplomatic nominations and international treaties, as well as legislation relating to Brazilian foreign policy.[246]. [405], According to the IBGE, in 2019, the literacy rate of the population was 93.4%, meaning that 11.3 million (6.6% of population) people are still illiterate in the country, with some states like Rio de Janeiro and Santa Catarina reaching around 97% of literacy rate;[406] functional illiteracy has reached 21.6% of the population. [14], Brazil is the fifth largest country in the world, and third largest in the Americas, with a total area of 8,515,767.049km2 (3,287,956sqmi),[173] including 55,455km2 (21,411sqmi) of water. 15 November is now Republic Day, a national holiday. [450], Choro is a very popular music instrumental style. He became unpopular during his tenure through failure to control the economic crisis and hyperinflation he inherited from the military regime. Currently it's possible to travel from Rio Grande, in the extreme south of the country, to Braslia (2,580km (1,603mi)) or Casimiro de Abreu, in the state of Rio de Janeiro (2,045km (1,271mi)), only on divided highways. [14], Brazil has a dense and complex system of rivers, one of the world's most extensive, with eight major drainage basins, all of which drain into the Atlantic. Facts about Brazils history. The federation is composed of the union of the 26 states and the Federal District. At 8.5million square kilometers (3,300,000sqmi)[10] and with over 217 million people, Brazil is the world's fifth-largest country by area and the seventh most populous. , which manages funds as well as the mechanisms and funding sources, Brazilian roads are the primary of... And ruled until 1985, after which civilian governance resumed country in the world by 2060 if the country 's! [ 334 ], Choro is a very popular music instrumental style of dramatic art modern! 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